Project Drawdown defines reduced food waste as minimizing food loss and wastage from all stages of production, distribution, retail, and consumption. This solution replaces current reported trends in food waste by region.

Reduced Food Waste

Project Drawdown defines building retrofitting as the renovation of building components (including building envelope, appliances, and controls) to include high-efficiency solutions. This replaces the conventional practice of retrofitting buildings with conventional solutions. 

Building Retrofitting

Project Drawdown defines the electric trains solution as the increased electrification of freight railways. This solution replaces the conventional use of diesel-powered freight trains.

Electric Trains

Project Drawdown defines cool roofs as building roofs that use light reflecting materials or paints. We also define green roofs as building roofs with natural vegetation. This replaces the conventional practice of building traditional, dark-colored roofs not covered with vegetation.

Green & Cool Roofs

Project Drawdown defines plastic reduction as reduction in plastic production by eliminating unnecessary plastic and shifting to reuse models.

Reduced Plastic

Project Drawdown defines electric cars (electric vehicles, EVs) as the increased use of battery and plug-in hybrid cars, sport utility vehicles (SUVs), and light trucks. This solution replaces the use of conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) cars.

Electric Cars

Project Drawdown defines refrigerant management as controlling leakages of refrigerants from existing appliances through better management practices and recovery, recycling, and destruction of refrigerants at the end of life. This solution replaces conventional refrigerant management practices.

Refrigerant Management

Project Drawdown defines tropical forest restoration as the restoration and protection of tropical-climate forests. This solution replaces degraded forest in the tropics.

Tropical Forest Restoration

Project Drawdown defines onshore wind turbines as: onshore utility-scale wind power technologies. This solution replaces conventional electricity-generating technologies such as coal, oil, and natural gas power plants.